A network that slides small learned filters across an image, building up from edges to shapes to objects.
Also known as: CNN, ConvNet
A CNN applies small learned filters across the whole input, so a feature detector that finds an edge works anywhere in the image rather than only where it was trained. Stacking these layers builds a hierarchy: edges, then textures, then parts, then objects.
The two properties that made CNNs work — weight sharing and locality — also make them dramatically more parameter-efficient than a fully connected network on image data. Vision transformers have overtaken them at large scale, but CNNs remain the sensible default when data or compute is limited.
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